Yagitudeh: Baterai, si Habis Terang Terbitlah Gelap
Ini juga jadi pertanyaan banyak orang. Baterai (batu baterai, atau kalo di bule dikenal sebagai dry-cell batteries) itu habis dipake lalu dibuang, kan ya? Apakah bisa di daur ulang? Apakah semua orang bisa mendaur ulang baterai? Apalagi yang namanya batu baterai itu kan bahan berbahaya dan beracun. Salah-salah, bukannya untung malah buntung.
Tapi, kalau dibuang begitu saja bersama dengan sampah, lalu berakhir di tempat pembuangan akhir, atau malah dibakar… hmmm… kayaknya nggak sehat banget, ya?
Di luar negeri, yang namanya baterai itu bisa dikembalikan ke pembuatnya (manufacturer) ketika sudah selesai dipake. Satu RT/RW bisa mengumpulkan di wadah terpisah, dan nanti bareng-bareng dikembalikan ke si pembuat. Atau, orang-perseorangan bisa ke toko-toko swalayan, toko-toko elektronik, atau toko-toko lain yang menyediakan tempat pengumpulan baterai bekas pakai. Selain itu, perusahaan-perusahaan pembuat baterai juga mendirikan beberapa recycling depot di daerah-daerah/kota-kota tertentu.
Lalu, di Indonesia sendiri bagaimana? Kayaknya belum ada, ya? Menurut salah satu koran ibu kota, banyak perusahaan dan toko yang sebenernya tau, tapi cuek karena di Indonesia belum ada peraturan yang mengharuskan mereka untuk melakukan tindakan proaktif untuk mengumpulkan dan mendaur-ulang baterai-baterai yang imut-imut tapi berbahaya ini (ya, kalau cabe rawit juga imut dan pedes, tapi ga bahaya).
Jadi, bisa nggak kita mengembalikan batu baterai bekas ke si pabriknya? Ini sih saya belum tau. Tapi lucu juga kali ya, kalau satu RT saja mengumpulkan batu baterai bekasnya lalu dikembalikan ke pabrik baterai itu? Ada yang udah coba?
Cara-cara yang mudah adalah:
- Ingat-ingat… apakah masih ada baterai nganggur di rumah. Kadang-kadang kita kan suka lupa, "masih ada nggak ya, baterai di rumah?" Malah kalau terlalu banyak baterai, akhirnya mubazir.
- Simpan dengan rapi dan terpisah… untuk membantu mengingat apakah kita masih punya stok baterai atau tidak, simpan batu baterai baru dengan rapi, di tempat yang terpisah. Kalau ayahku di rumah punya kotak khusus untuk batu baterai stok serumah. Kalau tercecer malah akhirnya baterainya suka nyelip, hilang, dan nanti waktu sudah ditemukan malah sudah benyenyeh dan karatan.
- Beli baterai yang lebih ramah lingkungan. Kadang-kadang ada lho baterai yang kandungan bahan berbahaya atau merkurinya lebih tinggi daripada baterai lainnya. Lagian, kata temen yang kerja di lab, merkuri ini kan bisa menyebabkan kemandulan dan masalah-masalah kesehatan lainnya.
- Engkol, matahari, dan sumber energi lainnya… Kalau mau, pilih barang-barang yang tidak butuh baterai, atau ada sumber tenaga alternatif (misalnya kalkulator yang bisa nyala pake tenaga cahaya itu lho).
- Gunakan rechargeable battery. Ya jadi nggak sekali pakai terus buang. Ya itung-itung sembari nunggu pemerintah mengeluarkan peraturan perbateraian. Omong-omong… baterai yang bisa disetrum ulang juga belum tentu ramah lingkungan, karena selain untuk nyetrum mereka juga butuh tenaga (listrik!), mereka juga mengandung bahan-bahan beracun dan berbahaya. Jadiii… kalau baterainya udah nggak mau distrum lagi, ya harus dibuang dengan hati-hati juga, jangan sampai malah meracuni lingkungan.
Selain itu, pastikan kita benar-benar menggunakan baterai sampai puol pol pol; karena setiap volt baterai itu berharga, lho. Misalnya, baterai bekas alat pemutar musik, tustel eh kamera digital atau mungkin cukuran kumis, masih bisa dimasukkan ke dalam remote televisi atau AC (walau mungkin range-nya nggak bisa dari jauuuuh, tapi masih bisa kok).
Temenku menghemat baterai dengan berbagai cara. Ada yang dijemur, ada juga yang dimasukin ke kulkas. Entah deh nih, apa berhasil atau nggak. Terus, dengan dimasukin ke kulkas nggak tau juga deh dampaknya ke makanan-makanan yang ada di dalem kulkas.
Mari Merakit Joule Thief
Atau, simpan baterai yang kamu kira sudah mati. Karena sebenernya mereka belum mati! Kebanyakan alat-alat elektronik berbaterai butuh minimal 1.5 - 3V untuk menyala (misalnya LED biru atau putih). Di bawah itu, mereka menyatakan baterainya sudah soak, sudah mati, sudah tidak ada gunanya. Tapi berarti, di dalam baterai itu masih ada sekitar 1.5V yang nganggur begitu saja.
Nah, kalau ada iseng, buat saja sebuah joule thief, dengan kata lain, senter kecil yang bercahaya lumayan tapi hanya perlu daya rendah. Dia akan tetep menggunakan daya baterai yang tinggal sedikit itu (±1V), sampai hanya 0.3V saja yang tersisa (lama hidup: sekitar 3 hari sampai 1 minggu).
Jadi, lumayan lah baterai-baterai yang udah "nggak guna" itu bisa disimpan untuk saat-saat di mana PLN lagi ngambek dan matiin lampu rumah.
Saya sih lagi mau nyoba bikin, minggu ini. Entah deh berhasil atau nggak, berhubung saya ga mahir begini-beginian. Tapi temenku bikin sih berhasil. (Ya iya lah, dia kan pinter, masa’ ya iya dong?)
Yuk!
Tautan lainnya:
- "Wasted Opportunity to manage e-trash", Jakarta Post, 03 May 2008
- Cara membuat joule thief. (blog.makezine.com) (emanator.co.uk) (ledsales.com.au)
Kalo saya udah sejak beberapa tahun yang lalu berhenti membeli baterai Alkaline dls…., sebagai gantinya saya pake re-chargeable batteries, hemat….
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